TMD, Orofacial Pain, Bruxism and OSAS COURSE for Orthodontists

The past history of the study and understanding of Temporomandibular Dysfunctions (TMD) is full of controversies, many of which still persist today. The precise etiology of TMD, being a controversial topic in the scientific community, remains unknown. However, most authors agree that TMD has a multifactorial etiology. Several studies have identified local and systemic factors as being at risk for the disease. The controversy surrounding the role of occlusal factors in the pathogenesis of TMD is far from over. However, recent literature markedly diminishes the importance of occlusal factors, and strongly contraindicates the use of irreversible occlusal therapies in the treatment of TMD. Orthodontic treatments modify the occlusion. They can be carried out on patients with previous TMD or it can arise during or after orthodontics. Is there a relationship or is it just a comorbidity/contemporary issue? How should patients be assessed prior to orthodontic treatment? How can TMD that appears before, during or after orthodontic treatment be managed and with what protocol?

PROGRAM

The Stomatognathic System (SS): Review of Anatomy and Physiology, Neuroanatomy of the S.E.
The TMJ and its Biomechanics. Mandibular and joint movements
Dental Anatomy and Occlusion. Determinants of occlusal relief
Interactions in prosthetic and occlusal rehabilitation
History of the study of occlusion
Etiology and Epidemiology of TMD
Pain: current definition, modulation, types of pain, classification
Mechanisms of Orofacial Pain, neuroanatomy of pain; Referred Pain
Clinical history of the dysfunctional patient: anamnesis, physical examination and tests
complementary diagnostic tools
Temporomandibular disorders: classification and diagnosis
Joint and muscle disorders: approach protocols
Bruxism: definition, epidemiology, etiology and approach to orthodontic treatment
Occlusal drips: types, indications and preparation techniques
Multidisciplinary treatment: dentist, orthodontist, physiotherapist, CMF, neurology, etc.
Diagnosis and planning in occlusal rehabilitation
Fundamentals of Occlusion in Orthodontic Rehabilitation
What are the main risk factors and variables to consider in orthodontic planning?
Protocol for approaching patients with signs and symptoms of TMD before or during OT or OCD
Orthodontics and Occlusion: a conflicting relationship?
The concept of ideal occlusion vs TMD vs OT goals
Does orthodontics prevent, treat or predispose to TMD? What is the evidence?
Orthodontic Considerations - Orthognathic Surgery - TMJ and TMD
How and when to orthodontically rehabilitate TMD patients?
Selective Occlusal Adjustment Technique; Orthodontic finalization and the establishment of an "ideal occlusion"
Concepts of Roncopathy and OSAS
Clinical Cases
Conclusions

Demonstrative and practical component:

Clinical history of the patient with Orofacial Pain and TMD
Physical Examination and Palpation of the Patient
Joint and muscle palpation for differential diagnosis
Observation and illustration of the various types of occlusal drops and Mandibular Advancement Devices (for OSAS)
Observation of complementary diagnostic tests
Clinical reasoning to guide the treatment plan